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Waveform and spectrogram of the Amharic (Ethiopia) word [tʷʼaf] wax
taper. The initial consonant is a labialised alveolar ejective stop.
Notice the change in frequency of the first formant at the beginning of
the vowel.
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Michael Ashby & John Maidment
Introducing Phonetic Science
Chapter 8: Speech sounds and
speech movements
Chapter Summary
In this chapter we look at the articulation of speech
sounds in more detail. We see that sounds may have more than one
constriction. Common secondary articulations are labialisation,
palatalisation, velarisation and pharyngealisation. The articulation of all
sounds is likely to be influenced by the context in which they appear.
Examples of such influence are: the addition of a secondary articulation to
a sound, the fine adjustment of the place of articulation, the addition of
nasalisation, or variations in duration. The chapter also introduces
diagrams showing the activity of articulators as a good way of indicating
the co-ordination of speech movements.
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